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2 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. M. HERI-NG.

- FARMING MACHINE,

No. 428,721. Patented-May 27, 1890.

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(No Model.) y 2 Sheets-'-Sl1eet 2.

J. M. HER-ING.

FARMING MAGHINE.

" No. 428,721. Patented May 27, 1890.

I i I EMW Flllli \Y/Lmesses UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

J OHANNES MORITZ HERING, OF HONOLULU, SANDYVICII ISLANDS.

FARMING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,721, dated May 27,1890.

Application filed April 11, 188 9.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHANNES Moarrz HERING, of Honolulu, SandwichIslands, have invented an Improved Farming Machine; and I do herebydeclare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof.

My invention relates to a combined digging, subsoilin g, pulverizin g,planting, and harrowin g machine. The mechanism by which these severaloperations are accomplished is mount-- ed in a continuous sectionalframe-work, so that they successively operate upon the soil in a singlepassage of the machine over the ground to be prepared and planted,leaving the ground thoroughly cultivated and planted as the machinemoves along over it. The machine isalso provided with hampers and chestsfor carrying seeds, tools, cooking utensils, and provisions, and with asuitable frame-work for sustaining a canopy or cover, by which it can beconverted into a comfortable tent or living-house, in which aresuspended hammocks for sleeping purposes, the object of my inventionbeing to provide a complete farming-machine adapted to the large westernfarms, where accommodations are distant from the ground to be worked.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figurel represents a perspectiveview of my machine; Fig. 2, a bottom view of the same. Fig. 3 presents aview of one of the two springs that hold the seeder. Fig. 4 is a shortdigging-tooth. Fig. 5 is a spade-shaped tooth of the subsoiler. Fig.6 isa detailed view of a section of my machine.

The body of the machine is made of two or more short sections A B G,which are hinged together, so that they can rise and fall independent ofeach other, thus forming a flexible frame-Work which will accommodateitself to the inequalities of the surface over which it moves. To dothis the side-boards of each section have their ends out rounding, andthey are connected by links D, which extend across from one to the otherand are pivoted at each end to each side-board or they can be made tolap on each other and the overlapped ends be united bya rivet or bolt,so as to form hinge-joints, as shown at Fig. 6. Each section is coveredwith a floor E, as

shownx The front ends of the side-boards of the first section arerounded like a sled,

so that they will pass readily over the ground.

Serial No. 306,843 (No model.)

Two rollers F are mounted between the sideboards of the first section,and these rollers are provided with digging-teeth g g, which may belonger or shorter, as desired; but I preferto make them about seveninches long. The second section B has two similar rollers H mounted init, with teeth similar to those on rollers F, except that they are oneor two inches longer, so that they penetrate deeper than the first setof teeth. The third section .0 has a similar roller I mounted in it, andthis roller has spade-shaped teeth g attached to a shank (shown at Fig.5) instead of spikes or digging-teeth. These spade-shaped teeth enterthe soil as far as the teeth of the roller just preceding it, and theytake the bottom soil and raise it to the surface, thus performing theoflice of subsoiling. To the rear of roller I is located a similarroller J, which is provided with short'pulverizing-teeth, which enterthe loose soil already plowed and subsoiled and reduce any clods orlarge pieces, so that the ground is prepared for the reception of grainor seed. The upper edges of the sections A and C, on each side, havesecured thereto the ends of approximately inverted- U-shaped pieces orsupports J J.

A seed-planter K is mounted on the U- .shaped pieces or supports of themachine,

near its rear end, in which the seed or sets'to be planted arecontained. The drum or cylinder which contains the seeds is mounted onsprings K, so that the motion of the machine will cause it to feed thegrain out through perforations in its bottom, whence it falls upon theprepared soil. These springs consist of a series of leaves, of whichthree are shown in the drawings, each successive leaf being longer thanthe one beneath, and the upper leaf has its end bent into a completecircle, the end thereof passing through a sleeve K The other portions ofthe springs or supporting-pieces (indicated by the letters K K areprovided with upper curved portions, which pass beneath the severallayers, and thus act as a support therefor. The ends of the seed-planterK have their bearings in these circular springs, which, beingconstructed as described, permit of considerable yielding, and at thesame time are greatly strengthened or re-enforced by the several layerswhich compose the same.

A trailing harrow L is attached to the rear end of the machine, whichcovers the grain after it has been sowed.

If it is desired to drill the grain or plant it in hills, I attach tothe rear end of the machine furrow-plates M M M. These furrowplates aremade of metal, which is cast or bent to the form of a V, with theirupper edges bent downward, as shown, so that as they are dragged throughthe loose soil they will force it outward and leave a furrow behind. Inthis furrow seeds or roots of plants may be deposited from the seeder orplanter on the machine, and the trailing harrow L will cover them andlevel the ground.

N N are hampers or chests, which are secured upon the machine, and inwhich seeds, tools, cooking utensils, provisions, 650., can be carried.

A strong frame-work O, which is preferably made of metal, is mountedupon and over the machine, over which a canvas or other cover canbethrown, thus converting the top of the machine, into a tent orlivinghouse. This frame 0 consists of vertical and curved end pieces,having the outer ends of horizontal and upwardly-curved pieces connectedthereto, the inner ends of said horizontal pieces being connected to theside pieces J. This cover can be removed when desired.

P P P are hammocks swung in the framework 0, in which the workmen cansleep at night.

This machine can be drawn over the ground by horses or by a steamtraction-engine. A bail Q is attached to the front section A, to whichthe traction-power is applied.

A steering-rudder T is mounted below the machine and is operated throughan upright shaft U and hand-lever V from the floor of the machine, sothat a person sitting on the machine can by simply turning the ruddercause the machine to be guided to the right or the left. The rudder is asimple blade that impinges against the soil in the ordinary manner ofoperating the rudders.

\Vheels R R are mounted on cranked axles S on each side of the machine,so that when desired they can be lowered and fixed so as to support andcarry the machine far enough above the ground to prevent itsdigging-teeth from coming in contact with the ground; but when it isdesired to use the machine for actual work the wheels are raised, so asto lower the sled-runners or side-boards to the ground, in whichposition the teeth will enter the ground, as above described.

A lifting device, consisting of a presser-foot 2, has a screw-spindle 3passing up through a threaded hearing I in the floor of the machine, andon the upper end of the spindle is a hand-wheel 5, by turning which thepresser-foot is raised or lowered. By forcing this presser-foot downagainst the ground the machine is raised, so that the cranked axles canbe lowered, and thus when the presser-footis raised again the weight ofthe machine is transferred to the rollers. In this condition the machinecan be moved from place to place without bringing its digging andworking parts in contact with the ground. \Vhen it is desired to set itat work, the presser-foot is again brought into use to raise the machineand allow the bearing-wheels to be thrown into the position shown atFig.

ll'aving thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

1. A combined sectional digging, subsoilin g, pulverizin g, planting,and harrowing machine, consisting of sections A 13 C, flexibly connectedtogether and having the rollers 11 II I J mounted across them, withtheir graduated digging, subsoiling, and pulverizing teeth, the seederK, mounted upon the machine, and the furrow-turners M M M and thetrailing harrow I., all combined and arranged to operate substantiallyas above described.

2. In a combined sectional subsoiling. pulverizing, planting, andharrowing machine, the rotatable cranked axles S, with. theirbearing-wheels R, in combination with the prcsser-foot 2, screw-spindle3, threaded hearing at, and hand-wheel 55, substantially as described.

3. In a farming-machine, the combination of inverted- Ushapcd sidepieces and springs secured thereto, said springs consisting of twosections, one section being composed of a series of layers of leavesgradually increasing in length, the upper one thereof bent so as to forma complete circle, and the other section consisting of a su pporting-sprin g having its upper bent end passing beneath the leaves, incombination with a seed-planter having its ends mounted in the circlesformed by the springs, substantially as set forth.

4. In a farming-machine, the combination, with the frame thereof, of apresser-foot extending beneath the frame, a screw-spindle, a threadedbearing into which said scrcwspindle works, and a hand-wheel mountedupon the upper end of said screwspindle, substantially as set forth.

5. In a farminganachine, the combination, with the frame thereof, ofiuverted-U-shaped side pieces, vertical and curved uprights extendingfrom said side pieces, horizontal and upwardly-curved pieces havingtheir outer ends connected to the uprights and their inner endsconnected to the inverted-U shaped side pieces, and cross-slats, theseveral connected pieces forming a support for a cover, substantially asset forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOIIANNES MORITZ IIERING.

Witnesses:

M. G. LoEFLER, J. A. VAUGHAN.

